Existing railway alignment showing the condition and constraints that framed the modernization survey.
Railway modernization geospatial foundation

Stalać–Kraljevo–Rudnica Integrated Railway Geodetic Survey

From millimetre-level railway control to multi-sensor, design-ready corridor data.

A formally accepted 148.9 km railway geomatics reference linking engineering control, airborne/mobile LiDAR, photogrammetry, tunnel and river surveying, and 1,125 ha of design-ready terrain and topography.

LocationStalać–Kraljevo Route 11 and Kraljevo–Rudnica Route 10 railway sections
Client / contracting frameworkPLANET S.A. / Infrastructure Project Facility Technical Assistance 10 (IPF10) contracting framework
MapSoft roleSpecialist geomatics subcontractor responsible for the documented geodetic work packages, including engineering control networks, multi-sensor survey and processing, and realization studies / digital topographic products.

The two railway packages are presented as one connected portfolio reference, while their documented quantities and QA evidence remain separated by work package.

Project context

One railway corridor. Two connected geodetic work packages. Very different terrain.

The reference connects Stalać–Kraljevo in the West Morava valley with Kraljevo–Rudnica through the constrained Ibar valley. The engineering baseline had to remain consistent while the corridor moved from relatively open terrain into mountains, bridges, river crossings and tunnels.

148.9 kmConnected railway corridor
376 pointsGeodetic network points
1125 haDTM / topographic mapping
15 tunnelsTunnels mapped with mobile scanning
Route context through the West Morava valley.
Stalać–Kraljevo corridor context
Route context through the Ibar valley and mountainous terrain.
Kraljevo–Rudnica corridor context
Aerial field view illustrating the constrained river-valley terrain.
Ibar valley from the survey aircraft
Engineering control

The corridor starts with a reliable geodetic reference

Static GNSS, precise levelling, railway control recovery, new stabilized points and tunnel control created the reference framework used by airborne, mobile and terrestrial acquisition.

178 pointsStalać–Kraljevo network points
198 pointsKraljevo–Rudnica network points
4.3 / 4.3 / 1.8 mmStalać–Kraljevo network RMS X/Y/H
Static GNSS observation on railway engineering control.
Static GNSS railway control observation
Precise height transfer supporting the railway control network.
Precise levelling along the railway
Engineering control observation adjacent to railway infrastructure.
Control survey at a railway structure
Signalized control prepared for airborne imaging and LiDAR.
Aerial ground-control point at a station
Signalized control point in the railway corridor.
Aerial ground-control point on track
Control point established in a GNSS-denied tunnel environment.
Tunnel control point
Multi-sensor acquisition

Airborne, mobile and terrestrial methods were combined instead of forcing one sensor to do everything

Airborne imagery and LiDAR established continuous corridor context, while rail-mounted mobile mapping and targeted field measurements closed gaps at structures, stations, tunnels and watercourses.

Vehicle-mounted mobile mapping system adapted for railway corridor capture.
Mobile mapping system on a rail wagon
Recorded flight trajectory for corridor-scale airborne acquisition.
Realized airborne survey trajectory
Operational setup of the mobile laser scanning system for railway capture.
Mobile mapping system setup
Operational mobile scanning across a constrained railway bridge.
Mobile mapping across a railway bridge
Mobile mapping system entering a constrained tunnel environment.
Mobile mapping at a tunnel portal
Field geometry measurements at a railway bridge and river crossing.
Total-station survey at an Ibar crossing
Ibar riverbed survey

Direct riverbed measurements where the Ibar could not be captured reliably from the bank

The Kraljevo–Rudnica package required field completion on 27 smaller watercourses as well as the Ibar and Jošanica rivers. On the fast-flowing Ibar, the team worked from the banks, inside the channel and from an inflatable boat to complete riverbed and crossing geometry where aerial or bank-only observation was not sufficient.

This was one of the most operationally demanding parts of the survey: current, exposed rock, limited sight lines and railway structures all had to be handled while preserving engineering-grade geometry.

Cross-river measurement from a small boat where bank-only observation was insufficient.
Riverbed measurement from an inflatable boat
Rapids and exposed rock illustrate the operational difficulty of riverbed surveying.
Fast-flowing Ibar river reach
Surveyor collecting channel geometry directly in flowing water.
Direct riverbed survey in the current
Terrestrial observation from a stable point within the river environment.
Total-station survey from the river channel
Field team coordinating observations across the Ibar channel.
Coordinated cross-river field survey
Fast-flowing river reach requiring direct field completion.
Ibar riverbed viewed from a railway bridge
Field geometry measurements at a railway bridge and river crossing.
Total-station survey at an Ibar crossing
Detailed field interpretation of a constrained masonry crossing.
Surveyed masonry underpass
Tunnel & constrained corridor survey

Mobile mapping extended the survey into GNSS-denied railway environments

Tunnel control networks, precise total-station observations and rail-mounted mobile scanning were combined to capture railway geometry where satellite positioning and airborne methods could not provide complete coverage.

15tunnels mapped by mobile-scanning data
GNSS-deniedcontrol carried through precise tunnel networks
CL-360mobile laser scanning for railway and tunnel capture
Existing tunnel geometry illustrating the GNSS-denied survey environment.
Existing railway tunnel interior
Rail-mounted capture through a GNSS-denied tunnel.
Mobile mapping inside a tunnel
Mobile mapping system entering a constrained tunnel environment.
Mobile mapping at a tunnel portal
Control point established in a GNSS-denied tunnel environment.
Tunnel control point
Engineering outputs

From measured corridor to design-ready terrain and topography

The multi-source observations were processed into georeferenced orthophoto, DTM/TIN and structured 1:1,000 CAD topography for preliminary design and downstream railway engineering.

Georeferenced orthophoto supporting engineering interpretation and mapping.
Delivered corridor orthophoto detail
TIN terrain model integrating corridor, tunnel and surrounding relief.
Digital Terrain Model at tunnel approach
Engineering terrain model at a road and railway crossing.
Digital Terrain Model at a crossing
Structured railway, road, watercourse and terrain detail for engineering design.
Digital topographic engineering map
Design-ready corridor topography in the CAD production environment.
Digital topographic product in AutoCAD
01

Engineering geodetic networks

Operational railway control with coordinates, heights, descriptions and adjustment reports.

2 corridor networks
02

Digital orthophoto

Georeferenced orthophoto for both work packages.

TIFF/TFW; ECW · 328 + 398 sheets
03

Digital Terrain Model

Terrain, top-of-rail and combined engineering variants.

DWG 2010 · 575 ha + ~550 ha
04

Digital topographic products

1:1,000 structured railway engineering topography.

1:1,000 · DWG 2010 · Two work packages
05

Tunnel and field-completion datasets

Mobile-LiDAR/tunnel content plus stations, culverts, structures and watercourse completion.

CAD / point-cloud datasets
06

Geodetic designs and realization studies

Design and final technical books with annexes, registers and QA traceability.

Documentation
Documented quality

Millimetre-level control underpins metre-scale corridor complexity

Final studies document network adjustment, trajectory and point-cloud processing, aerial triangulation, terrain and orthophoto checks, and final CAD/source traceability.

4.3 mmRMS X — Stalać–Kraljevo
4.3 mmRMS Y — Stalać–Kraljevo
1.8 mmRMS H — Stalać–Kraljevo
0.026 / 0.023 / 0.015 mKraljevo–Rudnica aerial-triangulation GCP RMS X/Y/H

QA covered instrument certificates, complete-network GNSS/levelling adjustment, aerial equipment and image/trajectory checks, aerial-triangulation statistics, terrain/parallax/control review, breakline editing, orthophoto coordinate/mosaic/radiometric control and final CAD/source-traceability checks. Stalać–Kraljevo final 3D adjustment reports RMS 4.3 mm X, 4.3 mm Y and 1.8 mm H; WB24 aerial-triangulation GCP RMS is 0.026 m X, 0.023 m Y and 0.015 m H.

Vehicle-mounted mobile mapping system adapted for railway corridor capture.
Portfolio proof

What this project proves

This formally accepted reference proves MapSoft can deliver a railway geomatics subcontract package from engineering control through multi-sensor acquisition, photogrammetry, mobile/tunnel scanning, terrestrial gap closure, DTM/topographic production, documented QA and engineering handover across long and varied operational corridors.

148.9 km connected railway corridor376 geodetic network points1,125 ha DTM / topographic mapping15 tunnels mapped with mobile-scanning data
Related projectsExplore projects →
Oblique 3D geospatial view of railway infrastructure along the Belgrade–Niš railway project.geospatial

Belgrade–Niš Railway — Engineering Geospatial Foundation

Specialist geodetic and geospatial work supporting railway modernization through a unified reference framework, an engineering survey network, airborne LiDAR and aerial imaging, field and tunnel survey, 1:1,000 engineering products and confirmed land-expropriation design packages.

235 kmRailway corridor length

View project
Cleaned hero crop of an authentic classified/colored point-cloud view showing the bridge, riverbanks and adjoining corridor geometry.geospatial

Novi Sad–Ruma Corridor — Integrated Geodetic Engineering for Road, Tunnel & Bridge Construction

A multi-year geodetic engineering engagement spanning corridor-scale reality capture, engineering-ready terrain/topography, geodetic networks, setting-out, monitoring design, construction-phase network realization and expropriation support.

47.896 kmCombined documented corridor scope

View project
Aerial project photograph of a complex Belgrade Bypass interchange, showing multilayer road infrastructure and surrounding terrain.geospatial

Belgrade Bypass Sector C — Digital Topographic Foundations

A major road–rail infrastructure mapping project combining airborne LiDAR, aerial photogrammetry, field control, direct georeferencing, point-cloud processing, terrain modelling, orthophoto and detailed 1:1,000 CAD-ready topographic production.

~3,400 haDocumented final realization area

View project
MAPSOFT

Planning a complex railway or infrastructure corridor?

Talk to MapSoft about engineering control, airborne and mobile mapping, difficult-access field survey and design-ready geospatial products.

Discuss your project